Calculating machine



May 15, 1934. Q LUTTRQPP 1,958,970'

' CALCULATING'MACHINE Fiied March 30,; 1932 4 Shfit-Sheef 1 INVENTOR 4/;ATTORNEY May 15, 1934. .c, u -r' opp 1,958,970

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed March so, 1932 4, Sheets-Sheet a 1934- c.LUTTROPP 70 CALCULATING MACHINE Filed March so. 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 461's ATTORNEY Patented May 15, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT oer-ice ofone-half Sweden to Anders 'Lindahl, Stockholm,

Application March 30, 1932, Serial No. 601,975

. In Sweden August 21, 1929 11 Claims. 235-62) This application is acontinuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 413,294,filed December 11, 1929.

The invention relates to calculating machines and more particularlytomechanism for operating the same. Still more particularly theinvention relates to calculating machines of the tenkey type and,furthento calculating machines of such type having a rotary selector andin which energy is supplied to a plurality of rotatable shafts which arerotated in progression.

The principal object of the invention is to provide what may be termed adrive for calculating machines, and more particularly the specific typeabove referred to, wherein the source of energy involves rotary motion,continuously in one direction, in which shafts are rotated withintermittent motion, and which does notinvolve special gears,

which will provide ease of operation, minimum of torque, minimum ofbacklash, and yet will give the desired intermittent and progressiveactuation.

The invention, its nature, further objects and advantages will beapparent from the following description taken in conjunction with theaccom panying drawings forming a part of this specification, of which: V

Fig. 1 isa top view, partly in section, of a calculating machineembodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the machine broken open and showing internalparts; 1

Fig. 3" is a viewtake'n generally on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3 showing the major partsof the drive;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view-through part of the driving mechanism,taken on the line 6--6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 shows a detail; r

Fig. 10 shows a modified drive mechanism, the view corresponding toFig.5;

Fig. 11 is an end view of the mechanism of Fig. 10 looking in onedirection; and v Fig. 12 is an end view of the mechanism of Fig. 10looking in the other direction. 7

The principal parts of the machine consist of a keyboard 1, an operatinghandle 2, a rotary selector 3 movable step by step, a rotatable transferor counting drum 4, transfer or counting spindles 5 cooperating with theselector and the transfer drum, an indicator-6 for indicating the numberset up, and a carriage 7 carrying the main countwhich is held'indepressed position in repeating 5 the same number set up, as forinstance, in multiplication or division, and thereby prevents theresetting of the selector and the transfer spindles to their normalpositions, and a key by means of which a numeral erroneously struck onany of the digit keys 10 to 19 may be cor-' rected by returning theselector step by step.

The framework of the machine comprises three horizontal plates 26, 27,and 28, which are attached laterally to the side walls 29 and 291 of themachine casing. The operating handle 2 is journaled in the right-handwall 29 (Figs. 1 and '1) and is constructed and arranged to rotate shaft2a continuously in, one direction. Instead of a manual handle, anelectric motor or other power source may be used for turning theshaft'2a. On the inner end of shaft 2a is rigidly mounted a cam disc 30.Two gear wheels 31 and 33 are rigidly and eccentrically mounted on disc30 by means of pins 34 and 35. Journaled in-the right-hand wall 29 aretwo shafts 32 and 42. The shaft 32 may beftermed the item transfershaft. The shaft 42 may be termed the tens-carrying shaft. v Disc 30 isconnected with the two shafts 32 and 42 as follows: and rigidly heldthereto by the pins 34 and 35 is a disc 36. Disc 36 may be integral withgear 31. A link 37 encircles disc 36 and is rotatably mounted on afloating pin or axle 38. Another mounted on shaft 32. A gear 40 isfixedly mounted on shaft 32. An intermediate gear 41 is mounted on pin38. The gears 31, 41 and 40 Axially between gears 31 and 33 link 39 ismounted on floating pin 38 and is loosely are in constant mesh. The pin38 may be fast in thereon. An intermediate gear 48 meshes with gears 33and 46.' r

Gear 48 is of the same size as gear, 41. Gears 31, 33, 40, and 46 are ofthe same size. Pin 44 may be secured rigidly in one of the three parts43, 45, and 48, but it must be loose with respect to the other two.

Before describing the remainder of the machine, which in general is,similar to what is disclosed in my earlier Patent No. 1,662,526, grantedMarch- 13, 1928, I will describe the operation of the driving mechanism.As will be apparent from a consideration of my aforesaid Patent No.1,662,526, shafts 32 and 42 (numbered the same in my aforesaid patent)shall be driven in such manner that shaft 32 first rotates substantiallya complete revolution while shaft 42 is stationary, and then shaft 32stops or has but little movement while shaft'42 rotates a completerevolution.

The handle 2 is in normal position whenthe handle leverextendsidownwardly from the handle shaft. Ifdesired, a spring-pressedball or other catch mechanism may be provided to define idle position ofthe handle and hold the handle against slight force. The handle 2isrotated in clockwise direction looking toward the right-hand side ofthe machine as shown in Fig. 1. That is,

the handle being down, it is first pulled toward the operator andcontinued around through a complete revolution. This is indicated by thearrow on the shaft 2a in Fig.- 5, which shaft is attached to the handle.Rotation of shaft 2ain clockwise direction causes rotation of disc 30 inclockwise direction. Fig. 5 shows idle or starting position. It will beseen that at the beginning of the rotation the eccentrically mountedgears 31 and 33 will be bodily moved to the ht. This will move the link3'! to the right and downwardly and'then to the left and consequentlyswing the link 39 somewhat to the right and then to the left whereby thelink members are straightened somewhat and the net result is a movementof .link 39 to the left so that it moves in counter clockwise directionabout the shaft 32. At the same time, the gear 31 is rotated inclockwisedirection and causes rotation of gears 41 and 40 as a result bf whichshaft 32 is rotated in clockwise direction. Due to the arrangement ofgears and linkage, the rotation is amplified and by the time the shaft2a has rotated 180 degrees, the shaft 32 has rotated substantially 360degrees.

In'the meanwhile, the gear 33. is moved, but

this gear, at the start, tends to rotate gear 46 in,

clockwise direction ,while link 45 is moved in counter-clockwisedirection whereby the movement is neutralized. 1 It will be seen that instart- .to a line between the center of shaft 42. and

pin 44. The link 43- swings through right-angle position and slightlybeyond the same before there is any appreciable rotation of gear 46 bygear 33. The net result is that while the shaft tially neutralizes therotation of the gea'r' wheels in the right-hand gear train, and shaft 32remains substantially stationary.

It will be noted that two gear wheels 31 and 33 are employed which areeccentrically mounted on disc 30. Instead of this, one gear may beemployed, but the two gears give a slightly greater period of rest withrespect to motion for'the respective shafts. If one gear is used insteadof two, itwill mesh with both the gears 41 and 48. In using a singleeccentric gear, it is preferable to use less than the number of spindlesshown in Fig. 1, the parts remaining the same, since there is moreoverlap of motion with one eccentric gear.

It will be-seen that the reciprocating motion of is intermittentlyrotated and while one driven shaft is at rest, the other is rotating. Toaccomplish the best results, the gear wheels 41 and 48 should be largerthan the driving and driven gear wheels and the arrangement should besuch that the driving and driven gears rotate to positions as close toeach other as possible.

On the inner end of the shaft 32 a bevel gear wheel 450 (correspondingto gear wheel 45 in my aforesaid Patent No. 1,662,526) is secured, whichalternatively engages two other bevel gear wheels 460, 4'70, which areloosely mounted on a vertical shaft 480. Between the gears 460, 470 aclutch coupling is provided in the same manneras described in myaforesaid patent. This. clutch is operated by the keys 22 and 23.

'Thev selector 3 is loosely jourhaled on the shaft 480 while thetransfer drum 4 is rigidly secured to said shaft. The counting ortransfer spindles 5 are disposed around the selector and the transferdrum. Normally, the counting spindles are held in their lower positionsby a half circular flange ring 65 supported by vertical guides 66 (Figs.3 and 4) which pass through corresponding guide openings in the frameplates 26 and 2'7 and,

at the top are connected with levers 67 rigidly secured to a shaft 68.The means for operating the flange ring'65 consists of a link 69connected to one (the right in Fig. 3) lever 67. Link 69 has near itslower end a notch '70 (Fig. 4) engaged by thehooked end of a catch lever'71 journaled on the pin '72 secured in the end of a lever '73 which ispivoted on the casing at 210. The catch lever 71 is connected, by meansof a link '74, with a pivotally mounted bell crank lever '75 which isengaged by the key 24 so that the coupling between the link 69 and thelever '73 can be released, when desired, by depressing the key 24. When' the catch lever '71 is released, the lever '73 can move freely inrelation to the link 69, but the parts '73 and 69 are, in such case,maintained in restricted relation to each-other by means of a pin '76 onlever '73 which enters and moves in an-oblong opening '7'7 in the lowerend of link 69.

The selector 3 is of the same construction as that set forth in myaforesaid patent, and further description thereof is here unnecessary.

Likewise the construction of the drum 4 is the sameas in myaforesaidpatent and further description thereof is unnecessary, it beingunder-- stood that with respect to matters not changed by thisdisclosure, the description and illustrations of my aforesaid patent areto be considered as.

incorporated in this disclosure,

downward into locking position before the selector is returned to idleposition. This is accomplished by means of the cam disc 30. As is shownin Fig. 5, this disc has an outer cam surface comprising substantiallyone-half the circumference thereof of a given diameter and the remainderof a different given diameter. The outside cam surface of disc 30contacts a roller or projection 200 on a member 201 which is guided byshaft 2a by means of a slot 202 and which is connected to lever 73.

In idle position as shown in Fig. 5, disc 30 holds lever 73 down,whereby, tongue 71 being in notch 70, member 65 is held down. Shortlyafter handle 2 has been rotated, the part of the cam surface of disc 30of lesser diameter comes into contact with roller 200 and lever '73 andmember 65 are permitted to rise under the influence of tension springs203 and 204. The lever 73 and member 65 remain in elevated positionuntil disc 30 has completed half a revolution when the cam surface movesradially outwardly and lever 73 and member 65 are returned to loweredposition. Thus lever 73 is raisedwhile shaft 32 is rotated for thetransfer of items to the totalizer and is'lowered when the shaft 42 isrotated and the selector returned to initial position.

It will be understood that when catch 71 is out of recess 70 due todepression of key 24, lever '73 will travel freely up and down under theinfluence of spring 204 and controlled by cam 30. In such case, lever 73will not affect ring 65 and the transfer spindles.

The resetting of the selector to idle position is effected by means of arack 101 of the same construction as disclosed in my aforesaid patent.The rack 101 is adapted to be moved rearwardly by means of a pawl 108having a projection 110 adapted to engage the forward end of the rack.Pawl 108 is connected by means of a pin 105 to a link 104 and the pin105 is guided in a slot 106 in the slotted link 107, as by a flangedroller. The pawl 108 is adapted when moved to forward position to engagethe rack 101 and move the same rearwardly. In order to obtain forwardand backward movement of the link 104, this link is pivoted to a link109 in turn pivoted to the frame at 111 and also pivoted to a link 112which is pivoted at 113.0n an upward extension of the link 45.

When the upper end of the link 45 moves forwardly, the link 112 movesforwardly and causes links 109 and 104 to move forwardly, whereby pawl108 is moved forwardly. When the link 45 moves back, the selector iscarried back with it.

Thus it will be seen that the resetting of the selector and theresetting of the counting or transfer spindles is accomplished atsubstantially .the same time as in my aforesaid Patent No.

1,662,526, these actions being obtained from the reciprocating movementof the link 45 and the disc 30.

With respect to the remainder of the machine, it is the same as thatdisclosed in my aforesaid patent, wherefore it is not necessary todescribe it. Some reference characters have been applied whichcorrespond to the parts in the aforesaid patent. It will be understoodthat the shaft 32 is first rotated, in turn causing rotation of thecounting spindles whereby the items set up are transferred throughshafts 122 to the totalizer. When this transfer has taken place, theselector and transfer mechanism are returned to idle or normal positionand the transfer of tens takes place by rotation of the shaft 42. Itwill be understood that there may be a certain amount of I overlap andplay in the movements of the parts.

The tens-carrying mechanism is of the same or other special gears.

construction as in my aforesaid patent including the shafts 162, 163 andthe projecting fingers 164 and 165.

In Figs. 10, l1 and 12 I have shown another embodiment of the drivemechanism of the invention. Like reference characters are used forcorresponding parts. In this embodiment the linkages are expanded orstretched in initial position. The handle is down in initial position.The handle in this case is rotated in the opposite direction withrespect to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5. This is indicated by arrowsin Fig. 10, which is a view corresponding to Fig. 5. A single gear wheel313 replaces the two gears 31 and 33. Gear 313 is eccentrically mountedon disc 30 which may be provided with a cam surface as in Fig. 5.

-In this embodiment, at the beginning of rotation, gear 313 is movedbodily to the right. This moves links 3'? and 39 to the right as gear313 approaches gear 40. Due to the planetary motion of gear 313, therotation is amplified and shaft 32 moves through substantially 360 whileshaft 2a moves through 180. During this period, shaft 42 hassubstantially no movement; During the remaining half-turn of shaft 2a,shaft 42 moves while shaft 32 remains substantially stationary.

It will be seen that in this embodiment shafts 32 and 42 move in theopposite direction from the previously described embodiment. This canreadily be taken care of by merely reversing the addition andsubtraction keys while retaining the same structure and by omitting oradding a gear in the train between shaft 42 and the tens-transfermechanism.

-The handle can be made to.rotate in the opposite direction byinterposing gears between the handle and shaft 211.

It will be seen that I have accomplished the drive of the machinewithout the use of elliptical Also, it will be seen that this drive isreadily adaptable to electric motor operation.

It will be evident that various departures may be made from thestructure above described.

What I claim is:

1. In a calculating machine having item transfer mechanism,tens-carrying mechanism, a first shaft for operating the item transfermechanism, and a second shaft for operating the tens-carrying mechanism;a rotatable drive shaft, and means for alternately rotating said firstshaft and said second shaft during a revolution of said drive shaftcomprising a first gear train between the drive'shaft and the firstshaft including a floating gear, a second gear train between the driveshaft and the second shaft, and means for maintaining the gearsconstantly in mesh.

2. In a calculating machine having item transfer mechanism,tens-carrying mechanism, a first shaft for operating the item transfermechanism, and a second shaft for operating the tens-carrying mechanism;a rotatable drive shaft, and means for alternately rotating said firstshaft and second shaft during a revolution of said drive shaftcomprising articulated gear trains.

3. In a calculating machine having item transfer mechanism,tens-carrying mechanism, a first shaft for operating the item transfermechanism, and a second shaft for operating the tens-carrying mechanism;a rotatable drive shaft, and means for alternately rotating said firstshaft and said second shaft during a revolution of said drive shaftcomprising articulated gear trains each including an eccentricallymounted initial gear, final gears, intermediate gears and linkstherebetween, said intermediate gears being displaced in oppositedirection with respect to the initial and final gears. respectively onrotation of the drive shaft.

4. In a calculating machine having a selector, item transfer mechanism,means-to actuate the selector, and means for returningthe selector toidle position; drive mechanism including a .plurality of gears and linksfor holding the gears in mesh, at least one of said gears beingeccentrically mounted whereby the links are moved, and means responsiveto movement of one of said links for actuating the selector returnmechanism.

5. In a calculating machine having aselector, item transfer mechanism,means to actuate the selector, and selector return mechanismfor'returning the selector to idle position including a rack and a pawlengageable with said rack; drive mechanism including a plurality ofgears and links for holding the gears in mesh, at least one of the gearsbeing eccent'rically mounted whereby the links are moved, and mechanisminterconnecting said pawl with one of said links.

6; In a calculating machine having a plurality of item transfer members,setting means to set saidmembers for transfer of items, and meanstoreset said members; drive mechanism including a camdisc, plurality ofgears and links for holding the gears in mesh, at least one of saidgears being eccentric'ally mounted with respect to said cam disc wherebythe links are moved, and means responsive to movement of said cam discfor operating the resetting mechanism. a

, '7. In a calculating machine-having a plurality of item transferspindles, setting means for setting said spindles for transfer of items,means to ping the selector, means for returning the selector to idleposition, and means for moving the item transfer members; drivemechanism including a cam disc, a plurality of gears and links forholding the gears in mesh, at least one of said gears beingeccentrically mounted with respect to said cam disc whereby the linksare moved, and means responsive to movement of one of said links andsaid can: disc for actuating the first-mentioned and thesecond-mentioned means.

9. In a calculating machine, a driving shaft,

.a plurality of gears eccentrically mounted on said the second drivenshaft and another of the eccentric gears, gears on the driven shafts,intermediate gears mounted on the loose joints, the gears associatedwith each pair of links being in constant mesh, and the eccentricity andlinkage I being such that lines between the link centers of therespective pairs pass through right-angle relationship on a revolutionof the driving shaft.

10. In a calculating machine, a driving shaft, a plurality of gearseccentrically mounted on said shaft, 2. first driven shaft for transferof items, a second driven shaft for carrying ,of tens, a first pair oflinks having a loose joint and mounted coaxially with the first drivenshaft and one of the eccentric gears, and a second pair of links havinga loose joint and mounted coaxially with.

the second driven shaft and another of the eccentric gears, gears on thedriven shafts,.interniediate gears mounted on the loose joints, thegears associated with each pair of links being in constant mesh, theeccentricityand linkage being suchthat lines between the link centers ofthe rcspectivepairs pass through right-angle relationship on arevolution of the driving shaft, and the links of the respec'tivt pairsbeing angularly disposed in opposed relationship.

11. In a calculating machine, a driving'shaft, a plurality of gearseccentrically mounted on said shaft, a first driven shaft for transferof items, asecond driven shaft for carrying of tens, a first pair oflinks having a loosejoint and mounted coaxially with the first drivenshaft and one of the eccentric gears, a second pair of links having aloose joint and mounted coaxially with the secand driven shaft andanother of the eccentric gears, gears on the driven shafts, andintermediate gears mounted on the loose joints, the gears associatedwith each pair of links being in constant' mesh, the eccentricity andlinkage being such that lines between the link centers of the respectivepairs pass through right-angle relationship-on a revolution of thedriving shaft, the first-mentioned gears and the gears on the drivenshafts being of the same diameter and the inter-' mediate gears beinglarger.

CONRAD LUTTROPP.

